General Information

What is Testicular Cancer?

Testicular cancer originates in the testicles, which are responsible for producing sperm and testosterone. It is often detected through the presence of lumps or abnormalities during physical examinations.

Risk Factors for Testicular Cancer:

• Age: Most commonly affects men aged 20 to 40 years.
• Genetics: A family history of testicular cancer increases the risk.

Men with a family history of testicular cancer should discuss early screening with their doctor to monitor for potential signs of the disease.

Symptoms of Testicular Cancer:

• A lump or swelling in one or both testicles
• A feeling of heaviness in the scrotum
• Pain or discomfort in the testicle or scrotum
• Enlargement or tenderness of the breasts
• Back pain

Diagnosis

If a lump or abnormality is detected in the testicles, it is crucial to contact a doctor immediately.

Diagnostic tests for testicular cancer may include:

• Blood Tests: To detect tumor markers that are often elevated in testicular cancer.
• Ultrasound: To visualize the testicles and identify any masses.
• CT Scan: To check for the spread of cancer.
• Biopsy: To examine a sample of tissue for cancer cells.

Treatment

The primary treatment for most types of testicular cancer is the surgical removal of all or part of the affected testicle (orchiectomy). Depending on the stage and type of cancer, additional treatments may include:

Surgery:

• Orchiectomy: Removal of the affected testicle.

Chemotherapy:

• Used to kill cancer cells that have spread beyond the testicle.

Radiation Therapy:

• Used in certain types of testicular cancer to target cancer cells and reduce the risk of recurrence.

Surveillance:

• Regular monitoring with blood tests, imaging, and physical exams to detect any signs of recurrence.

Your urologist will develop a personalized treatment plan based on the specific type and stage of testicular cancer and your overall health.